This is achieved by burning off the excess hydrocarbons which result from the extra-rich mixture required for a cold start. Slightly lean of stoichiometric, the exhaust gases from the engine contain excess oxygen, the production of NOx by the engine increases, and the efficiency of the catalyst at reducing NOx falls off rapidly. However, the conversion of HC and CO is very efficient due to the available oxygen, oxidizing to H2O and CO2. However, the efficiency of the catalyst at reducing NOx is good, and the production of NOx by the engine decreases.
Although phosphorus is no longer used in gasoline, it (and zinc, another low-level catalyst contaminant) was widely used in engine oil antiwear additives such as zinc dithiophosphate (ZDDP). Beginning in 2004, a limit of phosphorus concentration in engine oils was adopted in the API SM and ILSAC GF-4 specifications. Although catalytic converters are most commonly applied to exhaust systems in automobiles, they are also used on electrical generators, forklifts, mining equipment, trucks, buses, locomotives, motorcycles, and on ships. They are even used on some wood stoves to control emissions.[5] This is usually in response to government regulation, either through environmental regulation or through health and safety regulations. Custom setups, especially for vehicles that do a lot of off-roading are also available.
Proposition 65 requires California to publish a list of chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. This list, which must be updated at least once a year, has grown to include approximately 900 chemicals since it was first published in 1987. RES is but one of many great vendors of parts for your car’s exhaust system. Entice customers to sign up for your mailing list with discounts or exclusive offers. I watched a ton of videos and finally found one from Edge Autosport that went through 6 different variations of ETS setups.
All of our products are made in the UK and distributed to more than 90 countries worldwide, making Milltek Sport one of the most accessible performance aftermarket brands on the market. Our catback design includes all sections to replace the factory exhaust tips, mufflers, and resonator up to the midpipes. Enjoy an unrestricted system that delivers the perfect exhaust note from your turbocharged V6 engine. A catback exhaust system replaces the muffler and tailpipe with a more free-flowing design. This allows the exhaust gases to flow more easily out of the engine, which can improve the sound and performance of the vehicle.
All performance exhaust systems are designed with you in mind, and we cater to an ever-expanding range of vehicles. Milltek believes in continuous evolution, and their research &