This is achieved by burning off the excess hydrocarbons which result from the extra-rich mixture required for a cold start. Slightly lean of stoichiometric, the exhaust gases from the engine contain excess oxygen, the production of NOx by the engine increases, and the efficiency of the catalyst at reducing NOx falls off rapidly. However, the conversion of HC and CO is very efficient due to the available oxygen, oxidizing to H2O and CO2. However, the efficiency of the catalyst at reducing NOx is good, and the production of NOx by the engine decreases.
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When used in the context of aftermarket parts or performance upgrades, "cat-back" is used to indicate which section of the exhaust system the parts replace. Cat-back systems are available as both single- and dual-exhaust. All Thermal R&